White papers
ESA Connectivity & Secure Communications’ Space for 5G/6G & Sustainable Connectivity White Papers serve to inform on the Directorate’s position on emerging and key telecommunications trends in the technological, regulatory and industrial landscape. These White Papers are intended to provide technical insight into cutting-edge technologies and outline ESA’s plans articulating related activities, partnerships and initiatives in this landscape.
Converging Earth and Space: 6G non-terrestrial networks
The 6G era will redefine how we connect, secure, govern and scale our digital infrastructure across borders and orbits. In this landscape, non-terrestrial networks are not optional: they are foundational pillars to achieving universal access, technological resilience and strategic sovereignty
Converging Earth and Space: Direct-to-Device Connectivity via Satellite
In today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape, connectivity is no longer a luxury but a necessity. From global logistics and emergency response to education and inclusion, the ability to communicate and access information from anywhere is fundamental to societal and economic resilience. To realise the full potential of Direct-to-Device satellite connectivity, Europe must act decisively and collaboratively across its institutional, industrial, and academic ecosystems.
NTN Forum: The Future of the Satellite Networks is Now
Mobile connectivity should no longer stop at the edge of coverage of cell towers. With the 3rd Generation Partnership Project-defined Non-Terrestrial Networks standard, satellite and aerial platforms-based networks can collaborate with traditional mobile networks to connect people and devices anywhere, and anytime. Global satellite network initiatives based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Non-Terrestrial Network standard are increasing rapidly and redefining the future of satellite connectivity.
Converging Earth and Space: advancing automotive connectivity
Low Earth orbit satellite technology is enhancing the scope of connected vehicle applications ranging from in-vehicle services to smart city infrastructure integration. This transformation is a great opportunity not only for European automakers but also for the wider mobility ecosystem, providing a pathway to safer, more sustainable, efficient, and scalable mobility solutions.
Converging Earth and Space: AI-Driven TN/NTN Connectivity
AI-driven terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks are set to transform global connectivity with new designs, optimisation and automations. This white paper explores the role of AI in shaping the future of telecommunications, highlights the synergies between AI and satellite technologies, and serves as a call to action for stakeholders across the telecommunications ecosystem to drive research, establish best practices, and develop AI-native solutions that ensure secure, efficient, and sustainable connectivity.
RELATED LINKS & CONTACTS
CONTACT
Antonio Franchi
ESA’s European Centre for Space Applications and Telecommunications (ECSAT)
Fermi Avenue
Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FD, United Kingdom
+44 (0)7775 426521
Antonio.Franchi@esa.int
